The existing Heard Museum building was constructed in the 1920s as a private museum. Both the original structures and an expansion completed in the 1960s comprise traditional Spanish architecture, reflecting a time in which Spain was a global colonial power. More recent leadership, who have emphasized a programmatic breadth including exhibits, events, residencies, and a nationally-regarded Native art fair, recognized that in order to fulfill the museum’s mandate of presenting, interpreting, and advancing Indian American art, the renovation’s design must be done with the participation of Native Americans.